The Street Child Causes, Effects and Prevention

The Street Child Causes, Effects and PreventionAlso Street children as delimitate by the UNICEF is divided into children on the path and children of the streets. Children on the streets ar the children whose have home to live in, but they have a full time produce or a part time go. Children Of the streets are the children whose home ties have been seriously weakened and who essenti eithery live in the street (UNICEF, 1993, p.22). Children of the streets are which lives all in that location time on the streets or in other(a) words children with no provide except for the street. Also, a street child is defined as any boy or girl for whom the street in the widest sense of the word has bring his or her habitual abode and/or source of livelihood, and who is inadequately protected, supervised, or directed by responsible adults( Lusk, 1989).according to Kopoka Children whose work on streets and take streets as a shelter, usually come from poor slums and squatter settlements where e trulything is precarious Family pecuniary situation, overcrowded schools and even safe place where they can run and play. Moreover, wars or armed conflicts suffer the increasing of this problem where the children parents are killed and leave them alone with no shelter or place to live . On the other hand, there are children whose have guardians, but the guardians sent them to work to help the family, others are forced to work and live in streets. Even there are children from sound to do families or middle class who run away from homes. The purpose of this essay is to carry many of the causes and its effects considering street children problem, and analyse the solution to differentiate between good solution and bad solutions.Causes-According to Lugalla and Mbwambo, 1995 there are lots of causes for this problem, some are natural and others are man-made. Children have lost contact with their parents or families, which get outs the loss of the children in the streets. Some chi ldren are the offspring of prostitutes. Some families reject their children if there are handicapped. Some respectable parent disowned their own child because he/she is an outcome of an affair. In those causes the background is not allows poor.Effects-According to Harding, 2010 for every cause there is effect, and there are devastating effects on street children themselves and on the connection they belong to. The children without education are without future, which means that they will not be able to defend their future and they will face lots of difficulties to have a better life. Moreover, being undernourished from such a very young age causes bad side effects on their health desire malnutrition which effects there immune system and as a result shorter life expectancy. There are approximately 48 million young ones whose are not registered in their countrys archives, which epitomizes well-nigh 47% of the child population around the world. 20 out of every 100 births in Latin Ame rica never registered. That mean that all of those 47% are not on sorespaper which means they do not exist. This is a huge problem as those poor kids do not have identity, which exclude them from other right interchangeable the right to vote or the right to have a proper education or even low level education. Moreover, criminal gangs which really represent a huge disaster, as they use those unregistered children to do criminals and madness. Those children have no criteria to know what is right and what is wrong. They may expose themselves to very cruel situations like prostitution, sexual urgeual violations, drug consumption and other forms of modern slavery. According to stolenchildhood.net Street children in the third world, having no gateway to basic needs always become an easy prey of flesh traders. The demand of street children is high among the pimps and the brothel owners because these children sell themselves at cheap rates. These children are at high risk because they uncomplete use contraceptives nor ask the clients to use them. Thus the chances of getting pregnant or catching a sexually transmitted disease is high. A finite locomote is problem, because when children grows to be adults. They will be the best shape for crime there will be evil walking on his feet. There will be individual illiterate adults with low moral beliefs, with damaged psychology. Those lovely poor children in the past will be the evil which will oppress other helpless and innocent children. All of this means that street children of today will be criminals of tomorrow.Analysis of Solutions-Street children are a huge problem and any solution, even if it is not good, it will at least push forward to solve this problem. ESCWA has developed good solutions which are1. to understand better the situation of street children through research in the following areas1.1 Quantitative data at national level to assess the magnitude of the problem. The statistics need to be disaggregat ed by sex and age.1.2 Qualitative and quantitative research to examine the root causes that put girls and boys at risk, among them street children. This research will need to examine the link between poverty, inequality, exploitation, violence and exclusion.1.3 Qualitative research to examine the everyday lives of the street girls and boys and the attitudes of society and the government towards them.1.4 Policy level research examining the goodness of existing policies, planning and principle and institutional arrangements and budgetary allocation targeting street children.2. To shift the approach to street children from legalistic to preventive, protective and rehabilitative interventions, through a focus on2.1 Root causes and not exactly on symptoms2.2 The stinting and not only the social sector2.3 Mainstreaming as well as specific institutions and actions for street children2.4 The rights of street children as citizens and not as charity cases or delinquents 162.5 Street childr en not only as victims but also as citizens with the agency to participate in decisions which target them.3. To enforce and monitor all international and national commitment to children3.1 To review that all items of international conventions such as those pertaining to childrens rights and elimination of child labour are translated into legislation and other procedures.3.2 To review that all enforcement procedures are in place and are implemented.3.3 To strengthen all monitoring and reporting systems relating to relevant international conventions.3.4 To review and pass on restore the Child Law 126/2008 by removing all clauses that undermine its effectiveness and to put in place all the necessary procedures and monitoring mechanisms.3.5 To review and amend articles pertaining to corporal punishment in a way that prohibits all physical violence whether at home, school, work or any other institution.4. To establish top out mandates and lines of institutional responsibility for str eet children4.1 Strengthen target-cutting entities4.1.1 To strengthen the establishment of a unit or department in the new Ministry for Family and Population with a cod mandate for responsibility for street children. This entity would be a catalyst advocating, legislating and monitoring the situation of street children.4.1.2 To review and strengthen the role of what was previously the NCCM adept Consultative Committee.4.1.3 To strengthen the Child Protection Committee according to the amended Child Law through appropriate budget allocation, establishment of attain guidelines and protocols and knowingness raising and training for the committee members.4.1.4 To establish surveillance system such as a childrens Ombudsman4.2 Establish responsibility of line ministries4.2.1 To strengthen the role of economic sector ministries in treating poverty, such as the creation of jobs for poor women and men.4.2.2 To strengthen the monitoring systems of the Ministry of Labour in the area of ch ild labour.4.2.3 To lift all exclusionary conditions from access to education such as the rising cost of education, forced private tuitions by teachers, mistreatment of poor children in schools, corporal punishment and gender discrimination.4.2.4 To establish effective internal and external mechanisms and multispectral interventions to identify children at risk and figure suitable and sustainable interventions to reduce and eventually eliminate the risk factors.4.2.5 To formulate a new Social Protection Strategy with the full collaboration of all relevant state institutions and NGOs that focus on the rights of the 17 child, with a dedicated budget and clear roles and responsibilities for its implementation and monitoring.5. To devise a comprehensive child protection system that addresses the issues of all categories of vulnerable girls and boys in all their diversity of age, class, religion as well as family and regional background5.1 To devise a Social Protection policy for vulner able girls and boys.5.2 To devise a Social Protection strategy translated into crosscutting and sectorial programmes and projects and procedures.5.3 To create realistic budget lines for the implementation of the various components of the Social Protection system.5.4 To create clear institutional responsibility for monitoring and military rating of the implementation of the strategy.6. To devise a National Strategy, programmes and projects specifically for street children6.1 To evaluate the implementation of the National Strategy for the Protection, Rehabilitation and Reintegration of Street Children of 2003, as well as all programmes and projects directly targeting street children.6.2 To build on lessons learned and design a new Strategy in collaboration with key state institutions and NGOs.6.3 To design innovative and participative programmes and projects that address the conditions and circumstances of children already living on the street taking into account that6.3.1 There is mo re chance of succeeding by service children get off the streets through early intervention, before they establish their new street kid identity.6.3.2 For those who have been a long time on the streets, it is realizable to use participative methods and consult them in the design of the most effective activities.6.4 To strengthen all programmes and projects that helps the reintegration of street children into mainstream society.6.5 To put in place actions that address negative attitudes of both the general public and state employees towards street children.6.6 To work directly with the police to address the way they perceive and treat street children6.7 To hook more resource allocation for items listed in recommendation 5 above from government and from bilateral and multilateral organisations.7. To strengthen the advocacy role of civil society organisations working with street children7.1 To strengthen CSOs ability to establish channels of communications with street children and to help make their voices heard.7.2 To raise the capacity of CSOs working with street children in the area of advocacy and lobbying of policymakers and politicians.7.3 To support civil society networks and strengthens their roles as advocates of the rights and needs of street children.Conclusion-At last the author believes that street children are a huge problem that has a lot of causes which can be minimized and a lot of effects that are considered a real nemesis to all means of life, it is waste of man power which harm economy, it threats security and of course it is totally against human right .